International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences (ISSN 2226-9614)[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]
VOLUME 29(23) (2026)
Influence of Biomimetic Restorative Strategies and CAD-CAM Materials on Fracture Behavior, Internal Fit and Marginal Adaptation in Endodontically Treated Molars: A Narrative Review
Amira Amr Mohamed1*, Ahmad Khaled Abo El-fadl2, Sara Mehanna Foudah3
1M.B.S.SCH
2Professor, Fixed Prosthodontics department, Ain Shams university, Egypt
3Associate Professor, Fixed Prosthodontics department, Ain Shams university , Egypt
Abstract
Endodontically treated molars, particularly those with extensive mesio-occluso-distal defects, are structurally compromised and more prone to cusp deflection and fracture due to loss of tooth integrity following caries removal and endodontic procedures. Traditional restorative approaches have relied on post-core systems and full-coverage crowns; however, these methods often require extensive removal of remaining tooth structure and may be associated with unfavorable biomechanical behavior. Recently, more conservative adhesive strategies such as endocrowns and overlays have been introduced as biomimetic alternatives aimed at preserving sound tooth tissue while restoring function. These restorations are commonly fabricated using CAD/CAM materials such as lithium disilicate ceramics and hybrid ceramics, each offering distinct mechanical properties in terms of strength, stiffness, and stress distribution. Lithium disilicate provides high fracture resistance but may present brittle failure patterns, whereas hybrid ceramics demonstrate improved elasticity and more favorable stress dissipation. In addition, the use of short fiber-reinforced composite as a biomimetic base has been proposed to enhance fracture toughness and reduce crack propagation by acting as an internal stress distributor. Internal and marginal adaptation is critical for restoration longevity, and modern 3D evaluation methods allow more comprehensive assessment compared to conventional techniques.
Keywords: Endocrown; Overlay; CAD/CAM materials; Fiber-reinforced composite.
Full length article *Corresponding Author, e-mail: amiraamrabdelkhalek@dent.asu.edu.eg, Doi # https://doi.org/10.62877/20-IJCBS-26-29-23-20
Submitted: 25-04-2026; Accepted: 27-05-2026; Published: 28-05-2026