International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences (ISSN 2226-9614)[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]
VOLUME 25(19) (2024)
Epidemiology, risk factors and molecular subtypes of Breast Carcinoma
Mahmoud I El Dosoky1*, Sabah M. Fadel2, Mohamed Abdel Shafy3 Asmaa M. Mohamed2
1Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
2Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
3Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Qena, Egypt
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women and the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. The 5-year overall survival (OS) from BC has increased steadily in most of the developed countries. The incidence rates of BC vary worldwide, with high rates in North America, Northern and Western Europe, intermediate rates in South America and Southern Europe, and low rates in Africa and Asia. In Egypt, BC represents about 37.7% of total cancer cases among women. Gene amplification is a frequent device leading to the overexpression of oncogenes in human cancers. At present, the prognosis, classification, and treatment of BC are dependent on tumor histological grading, tumor stage, as well as 3 major protein markers: Estrogen receptor (ER), Progesterone receptor (PR) and Human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2). Despite the efforts to improve the effectiveness of the combination of surgical approach, radio-chemotherapy, endocrine-therapy, and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2)-based targeted therapy, there is an immense clinical need for new therapeutic strategies and molecular targets.
Keywords: Breast cancer, Estrogen receptor, Progesterone receptor, Human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2, Cyclin D1
Full length article – PDF *Corresponding Author, e-mail: drdosoky2000@gmail.com Doi # https://doi.org/10.62877/35-IJCBS-24-25-19-35