International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences (ISSN 2226-9614)[/vc_column_text][/vc_column][/vc_row]
VOLUME 28(22) (2025)
Cost Efficient Removal of Toxic Acid Dye Using Abundantly Available Waste Material
Rabia Shaheen
Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan
Abstract
The present study describes the removal of toxic acid dye at reduced cost. The surface of adsorbents and dyes exhibited a strong electrostatic interaction at pH 7.0 in the present study. The results clearly show that calcinized form of adsorbent has better dye adsorption ability as compared to native form. At lower dose of adsorbent higher efficiency of dye removal occurred. Higher adsorption of acid red dye occurred at higher initial dye concentrations. The obtained results indicated that the R2 value for the Freundlich isotherm is larger than 0.96, implying that it fits best to adsorption process. The adsorption of acid red dye occurred in two phases. In the first initial stage, during 120min, acid red dye adsorption was very fast followed by a slower phase till the equilibrium time of 240 min. The kinetics data revealed that pseudo second order explains the results better. Maximum dye removal occurred at 40 ˚C.
Keywords: Acid dye, Toxic, Pollutant, Adsorption, Low cost
Full length article *Corresponding Author, e-mail: rabiashaheen951@gmail.com, Doi # https://doi.org/10.62877/4-IJCBS-25-28-22-4, Submitted: 08-01-2025; Accepted: 16-12-2025; Published: 23-12-2025