International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences (IJCBS)
(ISSN 2226-9614)

Open access journal

The International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences (IJCBS) is an international journal for publication of original multidisciplanary research from across all areas of the Physical Sciences, natural sciences, psychology, medicine and engineering. The Journal publishes papers with significant novelty and scientific impact. The Editors reserve the right to decline, without external review, papers that do not meet journal criteria explained briefly below, including papers that are very similar to previous publications; dealing with parameter optimization of known processes without new concepts and/or interpretations; or reporting the studies of specific geographic areas without presenting new insights and/or hypothesis testing. A 100 word (maximum) “statement of novelty” explaining why the work should be published in International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences should be provided in cover letter. Papers that lack significant novelty will be rejected. Two volumes of IJCBS are published annually. The first volume is published at end of July and second at the end of December. Issue of IJCBS is published every month which belongs to a yearly total of two volumes.

Instructions to Authors

The editor in chief or handling editor reserve the right to decline, without external review of papers that do not present significant novelty, scientific impact or meet journal criteria. Authors must follow ethics in publication they will be responsible for originality of results and duplicate submission or plagiarism. All authors are requested to disclose any type potential conflict of interest on time of submission. International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences is published by International Scientific Organization in Conjunction with a Society Canadian Scientific Researchers.

 

Regular paper:  Manuscript must contain appropriate section including abstract, key words, introduction, materials and methods, results and discussion, conclusions, acknowledgments and references. To ensure conciseness, maximum word count for manuscript could be up to 5,000 words including all parts of manuscript (text, figures captions, and table legends etc.) except references.

Review Articles: Must contain brief summary of the proposed article and a complete literature review in relevant field including recent developments. To ensure conciseness, maximum word count for review article could be up to 15,000 words including all parts of article except references.

Short Communications: The results of partial research or preliminary studies can be submitted as short communication at the time of submission. To ensure conciseness, maximum word count for short communication could be up to 3,000 words including all parts of manuscript (text, figures captions, and table legends etc.) except references.

Letters to the Editor:  Any letters to the editors will be reviewed by editorial board and authors will be asked for their response if needed. . To ensure conciseness, maximum word count for letter to the editor could be up to 15,00 words including all parts except references.

Cover letter: A detailed cover letter is needed at the time of submission of article stating that the work submitted to IJCBS has not been published previously (except in the form of academic thesis or an abstract or as part of a published lecture) and also that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere. It must state also that’s all authors or authorizes involved in work agrees to submit article to IJCBS and that, if accepted, it will not be published in English or any other language without prior written permission of IJCBS copy right holder.

Authorship: Changes in names of authors or corresponding is acceptable only before publication of manuscript with a solid reason.

Copyright

Acceptance of article means the transfer of all copyrights to the publisher of journal. Any type of reproduction or any other activity needs prior written permission from the publisher of journal.

Submission, peer review and review process

Please submit all types of articles through email to editorialassistantijcbs@gmail.com .This journal operates a single anonymized review process. All contributions will be initially assessed by the editor for suitability for the journal. Papers deemed suitable are then typically sent to a minimum of two independent expert reviewers to assess the scientific quality of the paper. The Editor is responsible for the final decision regarding acceptance or rejection of articles. The Editor’s decision is final. Editors are not involved in decisions about papers which they have written themselves or have been written by family members or colleagues or which relate to products or services in which the editor has an interest. Any such submission is subject to all of the journal’s usual procedures, with peer review handled independently of the relevant editor and their research groups. During review process, the status of manuscript can be checked through same e-mail. Authors are requested to revise their manuscripts within given duration of time. Revised manuscript will be again sent for review if required. Revising a manuscript does not automatically mean that it will be accepted for publication in IJCBS. A detailed reply to reviewer comments needed on submission of revised manuscript and changes made must be highlighted in the manuscript.

Conflict of Interest

A conflict of interest occurs when authors, reviewers, or editors have interests that may influence their judgments on what is published, potentially misleading readers. Conflicts might arise from relationships, allegiances, or hostilities to specific groups or organizations, especially when resulting in personal gain.

Authors’ Obligations:

  • Authors must disclose all forms of financial support, including pharmaceutical company support, in their contributions.
  • Any commercial or financial involvements that might present a conflict of interest must be disclosed in a covering letter with the submission. These potential conflicts will be discussed with the Editor regarding their disclosure in the journal.
  • Authors must not have restrictive agreements with sponsors that prevent the publication of both positive and negative results or require sponsor approval before publishing.
  • Authors should check the manuscript submission guidelines for specific journal requirements on conflict of interest declarations and comply accordingly.

Editor Obligations:

  • Editors and guest editors must disclose any potential conflicts of interest that might influence their editorial decisions.
  • They must ensure fair and unbiased review processes, irrespective of any declared conflicts of interest.

Peer Reviewer Obligations:

  • Peer reviewers must disclose any conflicts of interest that could bias their opinions of the manuscript, including any financial, personal, or professional relationships with the authors or related entities.
  • If potential conflicts might interfere with an unbiased review, reviewers should recuse themselves from the manuscript review process.
  • Reviewers should adhere to confidentiality and objectivity standards, avoiding any actions that could be construed as leveraging their position for personal gain.

Declaration Process:
For journals requiring a Declaration of Conflicting Interests, include it at the end of the manuscript, following Acknowledgements, under ‘Declaration of Conflicting Interest’.
If no conflict exists, state: “The Author(s)/Reviewer(s)/Editor(s) declare(s) that there is no conflict of interest”.
Disclosure must include any financial relationship with sponsoring organizations and with for-profit products discussed in the text.

Additional Information:
For further details on Conflict of Interest policies, refer to the following resources:

COPE Guidelines on Conflict of Interest: https://publicationethics.org/competinginterests
ICMJE Conflict of Interest guidelines: https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/author-responsibilities–conflicts-of-interest.html
Common Standard for Conflict of Interest Disclosure by the Center for Science in the Public Interest: https://www.cspinet.org/resource/model-policy-conflict-interest-disclosure

Human and Animal Rights

All research must have been carried out within an appropriate ethical framework. If there is suspicion that work has not taken place within an appropriate ethical framework, Editors will follow may reject the manuscript, and/or contact the author(s)’ ethics committee. On rare occasions, if the Editor has serious concerns about the ethics of a study, the manuscript may be rejected on ethical grounds, even if approval from an ethics committee has been obtained.

  • Articles conducting any animal or clinical studies should contain a statement in accordance with the animal and human ethics committee.
  • Research should be carried out in a manner that animals do not get affected unnecessarily.
  • Registration is required for all clinical trials.

Informed consent 

In the IJCBS, patients have a right to privacy that should not be violated without informed consent. Identifying information, including names, initials, or hospital numbers, should not be published in written descriptions, photographs, or pedigrees unless the information is essential for scientific purposes and the patient (or parent or guardian) gives written informed consent for publication. Informed consent for this purpose requires that an identifiable patient be shown the manuscript to be published. Authors should disclose to these patients whether any potential identifiable material might be available via the Internet as well as in print after publication. Patient consent should be written and archived either with the journal, the authors, or both, as dictated by local regulations or laws. Nonessential identifying details should be omitted. Informed consent should be obtained if there is any doubt that anonymity can be maintained. For example, masking the eye region in photographs of patients is inadequate protection of anonymity. If identifying characteristics are altered to protect anonymity, such as in genetic pedigrees, authors should provide assurance, and editors should so note, that such alterations do not distort scientific meaning. When informed consent has been obtained, it should be indicated in the published article.

Plagiarism Statement

Plagiarism is not allowed; hence the IJCBS board has established the following policy, which outlines precise actions (penalties) that will be taken if plagiarism is discovered in an article submitted for publication in the IJCBS. Turnitin Software will be used to do a pre-screening plagiarism check on all manuscripts. When the paper is received, the editor will begin the screening process.

Plagiarism is defined as “the use or close replication of another author’s language and thoughts and their portrayal as one’s own original work.”

Policy: Papers must be unpublished and not in the process of being published elsewhere. Any information obtained verbatim from another source must be distinguished from the present original content by (1) indentation, (2) quote marks, and (3) source identification. Any document that exceeds fair use standards (defined as more than two or three sentences or the equivalent) or any graphic material reproduced from another source requires permission from the copyright holder and, if possible, the original author(s), as well as identification of the source; for example, previous publication. When plagiarism is discovered, the Editor Chief in charge of this paper’s review will agree on measures based on the degree of plagiarism found in the article, under the following guidelines:

Plagiarism Levels

  • Minor: A brief piece of another study is plagiarized, but no substantial facts or ideas from the other research are used. The writers are warned and asked to modify the text and correctly cite the source article.
  • Intermediate: A substantial amount of a paper is plagiarized without citation to the original source. The essay is rejected, and the authors are barred from submitting any more articles for a year.
  • Extreme: Plagiarism occurs when a significant amount of a manuscript is plagiarized by replicating original results or ideas from another publication. The work is rejected, and the authors are barred from submitting any more articles for the next five years.

Because all authors checked the IJCBS Checklist Form, it is accepted that they are all accountable for the content of their submitted work. If a plagiarism penalty is levied, all authors will face the same punishment.

Suppose the Editorial board (Editor-in-Chief and Editorial members) and the Chair of the Editor in Chief identify the second incidence of plagiarism by the same author(s). In that case, the Editorial board (Editor-in-Chief and Editorial members) will decide on the measures to be implemented. The author(s) may never be able to submit another article. This guideline also applies to material copied from another author’s publication (s). The related paragraphs or data should be recognized if an author uses previously published text or figures, and the initial publication should be referenced. It is accepted that much of the material in a review article or a tutorial piece has previously been published.

The author should track down the source of previously published information and seek permission from the author and the publisher. If an author submits a manuscript to IJCBS that has significant overlap with a document simultaneously submitted to another journal, and the overlap is discovered during the review process or after both papers have been published, the editor of the other journal is notified, and the case is treated as a serious plagiarism case. For one half or more of the article, significant overlap involves using identical or almost similar figures and identical or barely modified text. The case will be classified as intermediate plagiarism if the self-plagiarism is less than half of the document but more than one-tenth of the piece. When self-plagiarism occurs just in the techniques section, it is considered small plagiarism.

If an author uses previously published material to explain the presence of new data, the previously published work must be identified and the differences between it and the current publication. The copyright holder must grant permission for republishing. The authors must identify the name of the conference proceedings and the date of printing and obtain permission to republish from the copyright holder in the case of a manuscript originally published in conference proceedings and then submitted for publication in IJCBS either in identical or expanded form. This paper may or may not be accepted for publication by the editor.

However, an author may use content from an unpublished presentation in a subsequent journal article, including visual demonstrations. When submitting a manuscript that was previously published in another language, the authors must identify the title, date, and journal of the original publication and obtain copyright. The editor may accept such a translated release in order to bring it to a wider audience’s attention. The editor may choose to republish a previously published paper (e.g., a “historical” piece) in order to provide a greater perspective on a sequence of articles published in a single issue of IJCBS. This is a republication, and it must be identified as such, with the date and journal of the original publication. Securing the author(s) and publisher’s permissions is necessary.

The journal’s IJCBS layout editor keeps track of the list of authors who are subject to penalties and will ensure that no authors of a submitted paper are on that list. If a banned author is discovered, the layout editor will notify the Editor-in-Chief, who will take the necessary action.

 

Publication Ethics and Publication Malpractice Statement

The International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences (IJCBS) is committed to maintaining the highest ethical standards in all its editorial operations. Our ethical guidelines align with the Code of Conduct and Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors, established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), and the recommendations of the World Association of Medical Editors (WAME).

Furthermore, we are committed to incorporating ethical research policies that specifically address studies involving vulnerable populations, ensuring these studies are conducted ethically and responsibly. These policies are reflected in the journal’s published content, underscoring our dedication to integrity and social responsibility.

Additionally, we place a strong focus on adhering to the principles of Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Accessibility (DEIA) in all our editorial activities. We believe in the importance of including and valuing diverse perspectives and experiences throughout our editorial process, thereby fostering an inclusive and equitable environment for authors, reviewers, and readers.

Key points of our ethical guidelines include:

 

1. Duties of Editors

Fair play and editorial independence

• Editors evaluate manuscripts based on their academic merit, including factors such as significance, originality, validity of the study, and clarity of presentation.
• Manuscript evaluations are conducted independently of personal characteristics of the authors, such as race, gender, sexual orientation, ethnic origin, citizenship, religious belief, political philosophy, or institutional affiliation.
• Editorial decisions regarding the editing and publication of manuscripts are made without influence from governmental policies or other external agencies to the journal.
• The Editor-in-Chief has full authority over the journal’s editorial content and the publication schedule.

Confidentiality

• Editors and the editorial staff provide confidentiality regarding submitted manuscripts.
• Information about manuscripts is shared only with the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisors, and the editor, as needed.

Disclosure and conflicts of interest

• Editors and members of the editorial board commit to not using unpublished information from submitted manuscripts for their research without the explicit consent of the authors.
• Any knowledge learned by the editors during the review process will be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage.
• In case of conflicts of interest related to authors, companies, or institutions associated with the manuscripts, editors will abstain from managing such manuscripts and will delegate them to other members of the editorial board.

Publication decisions

• Editors ensure that all manuscripts submitted for publication undergo peer review by at least two experts in the field.
• The final decision concerning the publication of manuscripts rests with the Editor-in-Chief, who considers the validation of the work, its relevance to the academic community, reviewers’ comments, and legal requirements such as defamation, copyright infringement, and plagiarism.
• The Editor-in-Chief may pursue guidance from other editors or reviewers to make this decision judiciously.

Involvement and cooperation in investigations

• Editors, in collaboration with the publisher and/or society, will take appropriate measures when dealing with ethical issues concerning submitted manuscripts or published manuscripts.
• Any unethical publishing behavior will be investigated and examined, even when discovered years after publication.
• IJCBS editors follow the procedures established by COPE for handling suspicions of misconduct.
• If an investigation discloses significant ethical concerns, the journal will publish a correction, retraction, expression of concern, or other relevant notes.

 

2. Duties of Reviewers

Contribution to editorial decisions

• Peer review plays a crucial role in editorial decision-making, offering valuable feedback to editors and helping authors improve their manuscripts through editorial communications.
• This process is considered essential in formal academic communication and is crucial for the progression of science.
• IJCBS shares the view that all scholars have a responsibility to contribute to peer review as an integral part of the scientific process.

Promptness and Standards of Objectivity

• If an invited reviewer feels unqualified to assess the research presented in a manuscript or is aware that they will not be able to complete the review within the established timeframe, they are expected to notify the editors immediately and decline the invitation to review, permitting alternative reviewers to be contacted.
• Reviews should be conducted objectively, presenting clear observations and supported arguments that enable authors to use the information to improve the manuscript.
• Personal criticism of the authors is inappropriate and should be avoided.

Confidentiality

• All manuscripts received for review are considered confidential documents and must be treated as such without being shared or discussed with third parties unless explicitly authorized by the Editor-in-Chief, which will only occur under exceptional circumstances.
• This confidentiality policy also extends to invited reviewers who decline the review invitation.

Acknowledgement of sources

• Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors, ensuring that all assertions based on previous publications are properly referenced.
• Any significant similarity or overlap between the manuscript under review and other work known to the reviewer should be reported to the editors.

Disclosure and conflicts of interest

• Invited reviewers who have conflicts of interest due to competitive, collaborative, or other relationships with the authors, companies, or institutions associated with the document should promptly inform the editors of such conflicts and decline the review invitation, allowing alternative reviewers to be selected.
• The reviewer must not use any unpublished information disclosed during the review of a submitted manuscript in their research without the authors’ written consent. Privileged information obtained during the review must be kept private and should not be exploited for the reviewer’s benefit. These guidelines also apply to invited reviewers who decline the review invitation.

 

3. Duties of Authors

Reporting standards

• Authors of original research must provide an accurate account of the work performed and the results obtained, followed by an objective discussion of its significance.
• The manuscript should contain sufficient detail and references to allow others to replicate the work.
• Review manuscripts must be accurate, objective, and comprehensive, while personal opinions should be clearly identified as such.
• Fraudulent or knowingly inaccurate statements are considered unethical behavior and are unacceptable.

Data access and retention

• Authors may be asked to provide the raw data of their study along with the manuscript for editorial review and should be prepared to make the data publicly available, if possible.
• In any case, authors must ensure the accessibility of such data to other competent professionals for at least 10 years after publication.
• This should preferably be done via an institutional data repository, a field-specific repository, or another data center.
• It is important to ensure that the confidentiality of participants is protected.
• Legal rights concerning proprietary data should not obstruct its disclosure.

Originality and plagiarism

• Authors must ensure they submit only complete original works, and if they use the work or words of others, they must properly cite them.
• All publications that have influenced the nature of the work reported in the manuscript must be referenced.
• Plagiarism can take several forms, from presenting someone else’s work as one’s own to copying or paraphrasing substantial parts of another’s work without proper attribution.
• Plagiarism, in all its forms, is considered unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.

Multiple, duplicate, redundant or concurrent submission/publication

• Manuscripts that describe essentially the same research should not be published in more than one journal or primary publication.
• Authors should not submit a manuscript that has already been published in another journal.
• Submitting a manuscript simultaneously to more than one journal is considered unethical publishing behavior and is unacceptable.
• The publication of certain types of manuscripts, such as clinical guidelines or translations, in more than one journal can sometimes be justifiable, provided certain conditions are met.
• Authors and editors of the journals involved must agree to the secondary publication, which should present the same data and interpretation as the primary document.
• The primary publication must be cited in the secondary publication.

Authorship of the manuscript

• Only individuals who meet the authorship criteria should be listed as authors of the manuscript, ensuring they can take public responsibility for its content.
• The criteria include: (i) significant contributions to the conception, design, execution, data acquisition, or analysis/interpretation of the study; (ii) drafting or critically revising the manuscript for important intellectual content; (iii) reviewing and approving the final version of the manuscript for submission. • Individuals who have contributed significantly to the work but do not meet the authorship criteria should be acknowledged in the “Acknowledgements” section after obtaining their written permission.
• The corresponding author must ensure the inclusion of all appropriate co-authors and the exclusion of inappropriate co-authors and must verify that all co-authors have approved the final version of the manuscript and agreed to its submission for publication.

Disclosure and conflicts of interest

• Authors must disclose any conflicts of interest that could influence the results or their interpretation of the manuscript, preferably at the time of submission.
• Financial conflicts of interest, such as honoraria, educational grants, participation in lectures, consultancies, stock ownership, and others, must be declared.
• Non-financial conflicts of interest, such as personal or professional relationships, affiliations, and knowledge related to the subject of the manuscript, should also be disclosed.
• Any source of financial support for the work must be specified, including the grant number, if applicable.

Acknowledgement of sources

• Authors must ensure proper citation of third-party work that has influenced their work.
• Publications that have shaped the nature of the reported work must be cited.
• Information obtained through private communications, such as conversations or correspondence, should not be used without explicit written permission from the source.
• It is prohibited to use information obtained during confidential services, such as manuscript arbitration or grant applications, without the explicit written permission of the authors involved in these services.

Risks and Involvement of Humans or Use of Animals

• Authors must clearly identify any unusual hazards associated with chemicals, procedures, or equipment used in the work.
• If the study involves the use of animals or humans, authors must ensure that all procedures were conducted in accordance with relevant institutional laws and guidelines.
• The relevant institutional committee(s) must have accepted the procedures described in the study, and this approval must be mentioned in the manuscript.
• Authors must include a statement affirming that informed consent was obtained for any experimentation involving humans.
• The privacy rights of human participants must always be respected.

Peer review

• Authors must contribute to the peer review process and fully cooperate.
• They should promptly respond to editors’ requests, including raw data, clarifications, and ethical documentation.
• In cases of an initial decision of “revise and resubmit,” authors should systematically address reviewers’ comments, point by point.
• Authors must revise and resubmit the manuscript to the journal within the established timeframe.

Fundamental errors in published works

• When authors discover significant errors or inaccuracies in their published works, they must immediately notify the journal editors.
• They should cooperate with the editors to correct the manuscript, either through an erratum or retraction.
• If editors learn from third parties about a significant error or inaccuracy in a published work, it is the author’s responsibility to promptly correct or retract the manuscript.
• Authors should also provide evidence to the editors concerning the correction of the manuscript, if necessary.

 

4. Duties of the Publisher

Handling of unethical publishing behaviour

• In cases of scientific misconduct, fraud, or plagiarism, the INTERNTIONAL SCIENTIFIC ORGANIZAION and the journal editors will take appropriate measures to address the situation, which may include the immediate publication of an erratum, clarification, or, in severe cases, retraction of the affected manuscript.
• Editors must work to identify and avoid the publication of manuscripts with research misconduct.
• Under no circumstances should editors intentionally encourage or allow such improper conduct.

 

Access to journal content

• The INTERNTIONAL SCIENTIFIC ORGANIZAION is committed to the availability and permanent preservation of academic research.
• The INTERNTIONAL SCIENTIFIC ORGANIZAION ensures accessibility through partnerships with organizations and maintains its digital archive.

No IJCBS, we are committed to upholding the highest ethical standards in all our editorial operations, thereby ensuring the integrity and credibility of our journal.

 

Article structure

Please submit article either in (1) Article Template or (2) Microsoft word file (tables and figures should be placed after references and should not be embedded). 

Preferably articles references could be inserted using endnote.

Subdivision – numbered sections 
Preferred article language is American. Please make sure than article font is “Times New Roman” font size is “12” and it is double spaced. Tables and figures should be provided after references and figures should follow tables. Article must be divided into well-defined and consecutively numbered sections and subsections like 1.1 (then 1.1.1, 1.1.2, …), 1.2, etc. except abstract, keywords, acknowledgements and references. Please provide subsection heading in bold plus italics. Used units should be of international system (SI). Abbreviations must be defined at their first in manuscript. Please do not include abbreviation in the abstract. Appendices (A1, A2,…), equations (E1, E2,…), formulae (F1, F2, …), tables ( Table 1, Table 2, …) and Figures (Fig.1, Fig. 2,…) should be given separate numbering.

Title

Tile must be concise, informative and should clearly represent contents of article. Try to avoid formulae and abbreviations where possible. Article titles are set in sentence case, but capitalize proper nouns.

Author names and affiliations

Please provide complete authors name, full postal address of each affiliation, and e-mail. Use a lower-case superscript letter immediately after the author’s name and in front of the appropriate address to indicate all affiliations. Corresponding author or submitting author should be indicted by a”*” immediately after the author’s name. Corresponding author will handle manuscript at all stage and needed to provide his full contact details including postal address, e-mail, fax and telephone (with country and area code).

Abstract

A concise abstract stating purpose of the research, important results, significant findings and major conclusions is required with a word count from 200 to 250 words. References are not recommended to be included in abstract. Graphical abstract is optional. If an isotope is mentioned, spell out the name of the element when it is first used and
provide the isotope number on the line (e.g., carbon-12 (first occurrence), then C-12). Non-research articles such as editorials, commentaries, and errata do not have abstracts,
and brief reports/short communications may exclude abstracts at the discretion of the journal editor.

Keywords

A maximum of 5 keywords must be provided. Only well-known abbreviation/s can be included as a keyword. Chemical formulas beginning with symbols (e.g., δ13C, δ1 5N) are listed at the end of the keywords; formulas starting with letters (e.g., C3) should be arranged alphabetically among the other keywords; formulas starting with numerals (e.g., 13C) come at the beginning of the keywords.

  1. Introduction 

It is needed to provide an adequate background of work, a very brief literature review and important objectives of study in the present section. Please do not include summery of methodology or results in introduction.

  1. Materials and Methods  Sufficient details of methodology must be provided to allow reproduction of the work. Methods followed must be indicated by a reference.
  2. Results and Discussion 

A combine result and discussion section is required to publish your articles in IJCBS. Authors hold the responsibility of originality of results. Extensive citations and discussion of already published work must be avoided.

  1. Conclusions 

Novel findings and important results may be presented in this section.

Acknowledgements:

Funding agency or other individuals those who provide help during the research can be listed here.

References

Minimum of 12 recent and relevant references must be provided. The references must cite recent and relevant research only.  At least half of the references included should be published within the last 10 years. References should be listed in the order in which they appear in the text. References should be citied in the text like [1], [2],… etc. It is recommended to avoid web references. However, where it is necessary to include them the full URL and date last accessed should be given.

Reference to a journal publication:
[1] M.A. Hanif, M.I. Jilani, A. Majeed and I. Ullah. (2012). Title of article. International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences. Vol. no. (issue no.) pages.

or if issue number is not available

[1] M.A. Hanif, M.I. Jilani, A. Majeed and I. Ullah. (2012). Title of article. International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences. Vol. no. : pages.

Reference to a book:
[2] M.A. Hanif and M.S. Jamil. (2012). Title of book. Edition, Publisher and its address. pp. (page numbers).

 Reference to a chapter in an edited book:
[3] M.I. Jilani and A. Majeed (2012). Title of chapter, in M.A. Hanif and M.S. Jamil (Eds.). Title of book. Edition, Publisher and its address. pp. (page numbers).

Reference to a conference:

[4] R. Nadeem and A. Khan. (2012). Analytical evaluation of wild  medicinal plants. “International Congress on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants”, Cagliari, Italy. April 13-15, 2012.

 Reference to a website:

[5] U. Rashid. (2010). Biodiesel: a useful source of energy. www.iscientific.org Retrieved 15th Jan 2012.

Tables

Tables should be numbered consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text. Foot notes to tables can be placed below the table body. Foot note needed to be indicating with superscript lowercase letters.

Figures 
Figures should also be numbered consecutively in accordance with their appearance in the text. Please provide detailed caption to each figure. To effectively showcase your research on publication, we recommend following the guidelines below when supplying figures for your accepted article.

Line Art Images
Line art includes diagrams, scatter plots, graphs, flowcharts, and other text-based figures that are not tables. If a figure includes both line art and images, it is recommended to follow the line art guidelines. Images include photographs, drawings, imaging system outputs (such as MRIs or ultrasound), and other graphical representations.
Preferred file types for line art are  EPS or PDF Preferred file types for images are TIFF or PNG or EPS
Acceptable file types are any standard file type including: PS, AI, DOC, PPT, GIF, JPG, TIFF, PNG, WMF.
The preferred resolution for line art is 600-1000 dpi. Higher resolutions are needed for line art than for images because each individual line must be more precisely rendered. This can be easily achieved by using larger fonts for easier reading. The preferred resolution for images is 300 dpi. Though many web-based images often appear at very low resolutions (72 dpi or lower), readers will only benefit from your research if your images offer hi-resolution detail.
Any resolution is acceptable that is legible when viewed as an 80 mm or 1800 pixel width, unmagnified. Providing your figures in the preferred formats and resolution is critical for print quality and readability of your printed figure. Creating your figures in one of the preferred file types creates a higher quality figure than converting an existing figure. If you’re not able to create a figure in the preferred file type, provide the file type you have and our production team will work with you to present it effectively. For small images, that will occupy one-quarter of the page, the preferred minimum image size is an 80 mm canvas size or a pixel width of 1800px. For large images that will occupy a half- or full-page, the preferred minimum image size is a 180 mm canvas size or a pixel width of 1800px. Be sure to carefully consider the minimum space necessary for each figure before providing large images. Provided images smaller than the preferred sizes may be modified during production, possibly resulting in decreased quality. Each individual figure file should be less than 10 MB, and the zipped file of all figure files should be less than 500 MB. To facilitate ease of review, name figure files only with the word “figure” and the appropriate number. For example: Figure_1.tiff. We recommend providing 1 figure per page in a single Word document.

Ethical Considerations

Changes to images can create misleading results, especially in research data collected as images. It may, however, be legitimate and even necessary to edit images. We ask authors to declare where manipulations have been made.

  • Specific features within an image should not be enhanced, obscured, removed, moved, or introduced.
  • Original unprocessed images must be provided by authors should any indication of enhancement be identified.
  • Adjustments to brightness or contrast are only acceptable if they apply equally across the entire image and are applied equally to controls, and as long as they do not obscure, eliminate, or misrepresent any information present in the information originally captured.
  • Excessive manipulations, such as processing to emphasize one region in the image at the expense of others, are inappropriate, as is emphasizing experimental data relative to the control.
  • Nonlinear adjustments or deleting portions of a recording must be disclosed in a figure legend.

Constructing figures from different gels, fields, exposures, and experimental series is discouraged. When this is necessary the component parts of composite images should be indicated by dividing lines clearly demarcated in the figure and described in the legend.

Article Processing Charges (APC)

100 USD APC is charged to accepted articles after strict review process. Authors from low income countries classified by the World Bank can apply for partial/full waivers. The decisions are made on case to case basis.

Proofs
Proofs of article will be sent to corresponding author by e-mail. Proofreading is solely responsibility of corresponding author.  All corrections are sent back to us within 48 hours in one communication. After receiving proofs article are directly published without doi.

Indexing

Indexing of articles in google scholar and google might take 2-3 months or more as it is an automated process. Indexing of articles with Scopus and other indexing websites is also an independent process beyond control of IJCBS and might take up to 6 months or more in some cases. IJCBS do not guarantee indexing of all articles in Scopus or other indexing websites as these are automated processes and indexing websites recheck quality of every article again before publication.

Offprints

Electronic offprints in the form of a PDF file will be provided to the corresponding author free of cost. Paper off prints (25 minimum) can be order at the cost 200 USD.

Corrections, clarifications, retractions and apologies

International Journal of Chemical and Biochemical Sciences is always be willing to publish corrections, clarifications, retractions and apologies when needed.

 

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